WashU weekly Neuroscience publications

Pioglitazone improves working memory performance when administered in chronic TBI
(2019) Neurobiology of Disease, 132, art. no. 104611, . 

McGuire, J.L.^a , Correll, E.A.^a , Lowery, A.C.^b , Rhame, K.^c , Anwar, F.N.^d , McCullumsmith, R.E.^e , Ngwenya, L.B.^{a f}

^a Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
^b Undergraduate Honors Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
^c College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States
^d Washington University, St Louis, MO, United States
^e Department of Psychiatry, University of Toledo, United States
^f Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Cincinnati, United States

Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of long-term disability in the United States. Even in comparatively mild injuries, cognitive and behavioral symptoms can persist for years, and there are currently no established strategies for mitigating symptoms in chronic injury. A key feature of TBI-induced damage in acute and chronic injury is disruption of metabolic pathways. As neurotransmission, and therefore cognition, are highly dependent on the supply of energy, we hypothesized that modulating metabolic activity could help restore behavioral performance even when treatment was initiated weeks after TBI. We treated rats with pioglitazone, a FDA-approved drug for diabetes, beginning 46 days after lateral fluid percussion injury and tested working memory performance in the radial arm maze (RAM) after 14 days of treatment. Pioglitazone treated TBI rats performed significantly better in the RAM test than untreated TBI rats, and similarly to control animals. While hexokinase activity in hippocampus was increased by pioglitazone treatment, there was no upregulation of either the neuronal glucose transporter or hexokinase enzyme expression. Expression of glial markers GFAP and Iba-1 were also not influenced by pioglitazone treatment. These studies suggest that targeting brain metabolism, in particular hippocampal metabolism, may be effective in alleviating cognitive symptoms in chronic TBI. © 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Author Keywords
Chronic traumatic brain injury;  Glycolysis;  Hexokinase;  Lateral fluid percussion;  Pioglitazone;  Rat

Document Type: Review
Publication Stage: Final
Source: Scopus

Image processing and analysis methods for the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study
(2019) NeuroImage, 202, art. no. 116091, . 

Hagler, D.J., Jr.^a , Hatton, S.^a , Cornejo, M.D.^a , Makowski, C.^b , Fair, D.A.^c , Dick, A.S.^d , Sutherland, M.T.^d , Casey, B.J.^e , Barch, D.M.^f , Harms, M.P.^f , Watts, R.^e , Bjork, J.M.^g , Garavan, H.P.^h , Hilmer, L.^a , Pung, C.J.^a , Sicat, C.S.^a , Kuperman, J.^a , Bartsch, H.^a , Xue, F.^a , Heitzeg, M.M.ⁱ , Laird, A.R.^d , Trinh, T.T.^a , Gonzalez, R.^d , Tapert, S.F.^a , Riedel, M.C.^d , Squeglia, L.M.^j , Hyde, L.W.ⁱ , Rosenberg, M.D.^e , Earl, E.A.^c , Howlett, K.D.^k , Baker, F.C.^l , Soules, M.ⁱ , Diaz, J.^a , de Leon, O.R.^a , Thompson, W.K.^a , Neale, M.C.^g , Herting, M.^{m n} , Sowell, E.R.ⁿ , Alvarez, R.P.^o , Hawes, S.W.^d , Sanchez, M.^d , Bodurka, J.^p , Breslin, F.J.^p , Morris, A.S.^p , Paulus, M.P.^p , Simmons, W.K.^p , Polimeni, J.R.^{q r} , van der Kouwe, A.^{q r} , Nencka, A.S.^s , Gray, K.M.^j , Pierpaoli, C.^t , Matochik, J.A.^u , Noronha, A.^u , Aklin, W.M.^k , Conway, K.^k , Glantz, M.^k , Hoffman, E.^k , Little, R.^k , Lopez, M.^k , Pariyadath, V.^k , Weiss, S.R.^k , Wolff-Hughes, D.L.^v , DelCarmen-Wiggins, R.^w , Feldstein Ewing, S.W.^c , Miranda-Dominguez, O.^c , Nagel, B.J.^c , Perrone, A.J.^c , Sturgeon, D.T.^c , Goldstone, A.^l , Pfefferbaum, A.^l , Pohl, K.M.^l , Prouty, D.^l , Uban, K.^x , Bookheimer, S.Y.^y , Dapretto, M.^y , Galvan, A.^y , Bagot, K.^a , Giedd, J.^a , Infante, M.A.^a , Jacobus, J.^a , Patrick, K.^a , Shilling, P.D.^a , Desikan, R.^z , Li, Y.^z , Sugrue, L.^z , Banich, M.T.^aa , Friedman, N.^aa , Hewitt, J.K.^aa , Hopfer, C.^aa , Sakai, J.^aa , Tanabe, J.^aa , Cottler, L.B.^ab , Nixon, S.J.^ab , Chang, L.^ac , Cloak, C.^ac , Ernst, T.^ac , Reeves, G.^ac , Kennedy, D.N.^ad , Heeringa, S.ⁱ , Peltier, S.ⁱ , Schulenberg, J.ⁱ , Sripada, C.ⁱ , Zucker, R.A.ⁱ , Iacono, W.G.^ae , Luciana, M.^ae , Calabro, F.J.^af , Clark, D.B.^af , Lewis, D.A.^af , Luna, B.^af , Schirda, C.^af , Brima, T.^ag , Foxe, J.J.^ag , Freedman, E.G.^ag , Mruzek, D.W.^ag , Mason, M.J.^ah , Huber, R.^ai , McGlade, E.^ai , Prescot, A.^ai , Renshaw, P.F.^ai , Yurgelun-Todd, D.A.^ai , Allgaier, N.A.^h , Dumas, J.A.^h , Ivanova, M.^h , Potter, A.^h , Florsheim, P.^aj , Larson, C.^aj , Lisdahl, K.^aj , Charness, M.E.^{r ak al} , Fuemmeler, B.^g , Hettema, J.M.^g , Maes, H.H.^g , Steinberg, J.^g , Anokhin, A.P.^f , Glaser, P.^f , Heath, A.C.^f , Madden, P.A.^f , Baskin-Sommers, A.^e , Constable, R.T.^e , Grant, S.J.^k , Dowling, G.J.^k , Brown, S.A.^a , Jernigan, T.L.^a , Dale, A.M.^a

^a University of California, San Diego, United States
^b McGill University, Montreal, Canada
^c Oregon Health & Science University, United States
^d Florida International University, United States
^e Yale University, United States
^f Washington University, St. Louis, United States
^g Virginia Commonwealth University, United States
^h University of Vermont, United States
ⁱ University of Michigan, United States
^j Medical University of South Carolina, United States
^k National Institute on Drug Abuse, United States
^l SRI International, United States
^m University of Southern California, United States
ⁿ Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, United States
^o Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, United States
^p Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, United States
^q Massachusetts General Hospital, United States
^r Harvard Medical School, United States
^s Medical College of Wisconsin, United States
^t National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, United States
^u National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, United States
^v Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, United States
^w Office of Research on Women’s Health, United States
^x University of California, Irvine, United States
^y University of California, Los Angeles, United States
^z University of California, San Francisco, United States
^aa University of Colorado, United States
^ab University of Florida, United States
^ac University of Maryland School of Medicine, United States
^ad University of Massachusetts, United States
^ae University of Minnesota, United States
^af University of Pittsburgh, United States
^ag University of Rochester, United States
^ah University of Tennessee, United States
^ai University of Utah, United States
^aj University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, United States
^ak VA Boston Healthcare System, United States
^al Boston University School of Medicine, United States

Abstract
The Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study is an ongoing, nationwide study of the effects of environmental influences on behavioral and brain development in adolescents. The main objective of the study is to recruit and assess over eleven thousand 9-10-year-olds and follow them over the course of 10 years to characterize normative brain and cognitive development, the many factors that influence brain development, and the effects of those factors on mental health and other outcomes. The study employs state-of-the-art multimodal brain imaging, cognitive and clinical assessments, bioassays, and careful assessment of substance use, environment, psychopathological symptoms, and social functioning. The data is a resource of unprecedented scale and depth for studying typical and atypical development. The aim of this manuscript is to describe the baseline neuroimaging processing and subject-level analysis methods used by ABCD. Processing and analyses include modality-specific corrections for distortions and motion, brain segmentation and cortical surface reconstruction derived from structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI), analysis of brain microstructure using diffusion MRI (dMRI), task-related analysis of functional MRI (fMRI), and functional connectivity analysis of resting-state fMRI. This manuscript serves as a methodological reference for users of publicly shared neuroimaging data from the ABCD Study. © 2019 Elsevier Inc.

Author Keywords
ABCD;  Adolescent;  Data sharing;  Magnetic resonance imaging;  Processing pipeline

Document Type: Article
Publication Stage: Final
Source: Scopus

Sex differences in serial pattern learning in mice
(2019) Behavioural Processes, 168, art. no. 103958, . 

Kundey, S.M.A.^a , Bajracharya, A.^b , Boettger-Tong, H.^c , Fountain, S.B.^d , Rowan, J.D.^c

^a Hood College, Department of Psychology, 401 Rosemont Avenue, Tatem 324, Frederick, MD 21701, United States
^b Washington University in Saint Louis, United States
^c Wesleyan College, United States
^d Kent State University, United States

Abstract
Numerous investigators have examined the hypothesis that males and females learn or perform differentially on various tasks. However, many of the behavioural investigations with nonhuman animals (e.g., rats) have used paradigms that do not permit the exploration of complex learning and memory between the sexes. To this end, we explored the ability of male versus female mice to learn three different patterns in succession in three separate experiments: single alternation (e.g., right, left, right, left), double alternation (e.g., right, right, left, left), and runs (e.g., 123, 234, 345, 456, 567, 678, 781, 812, where digits represent locations within a circular array in the counterclockwise direction). We hypothesized that sex differences, if they existed, would be most likely to appear as the pattern to be learned became more complex (required more rules to capture how elements relate to one another). The results indicated that mice can learn all three pattern types, but learning was more difficult as pattern complexity increased. Males learned the runs pattern significantly more quickly than females did; no significant differences were found between males and females for acquisition of the single-alternation or double-alternation patterns. These results suggest that sex differences in serial pattern learning within rodents are not unique to rats and are more likely to be seen during acquisition of more complex patterns. © 2019 Elsevier B.V.

Author Keywords
Double alternation;  Mice;  Serial pattern learning;  Sex differences;  Single alternation

Document Type: Article
Publication Stage: Final
Source: Scopus